Laxatives » Archive
Diarrhea in practice. Case 4
Mr Radcliffe is an elderly man who lives alone. Today, his home help asks what you can recommend for diarrhoea, from which Mr Radcliffe has been suffering for 3 days. He has been passing watery stools quite frequently and feels rather tired and weak. He has sent the home help because he dare not leave the house and go out of reach of the toilet. You check your PMRs (patient medication records), which confirm your memory that he takes several different medicines: digoxin, furosemide and paracetamol. Last week you dispensed a prescription for a course of amoxicillin. The home help tells you that he has been eating his usual diet and there does not seem to be a link between food and his symptoms. The pharmacist’s view Mr Radcliffe’s diarrhoea may be … Read entire article »
Filed under: Medical Practice
Diarrhea in practice. Case 3
Mrs Jean Berry wants to stock up on some medicines before her family sets off on their first holiday abroad; they will be going to Spain next week. Mrs Berry tells you that she has heard of people whose holidays have been ruined by holiday diarrhoea and she wants you to recommend a good treatment. On questioning, you find out that Mr and Mrs Berry and their two boys aged 10 and 14 years will be going on the holiday. The pharmacist’s view Holiday diarrhea can often easily be dealt with. Mrs Berry could be advised to buy some loperamide capsules, which would be suitable treatment for her, Mr Berry and their 14-year-old son. In addition, she should purchase some oral rehydration sachets for the younger son. The sachets could also be … Read entire article »
Filed under: Medical Practice
Diarrhea in practice. Case 2
Mrs Choudry is collecting her regular repeat prescription for antihypertensive treatment. You ask how she and the family are, and she tells you that several members of the family have been suffering with diarrhea on and off. You know that the family recently returned from a trip to India where they had been visiting relatives to attend a family wedding. In answer to your questions, Mrs Choudry tells you that the problem with the diarrhoea started after they returned. The pharmacist’s view Referral to the GP is needed here as the diarrhea may be related to the recent travel. The doctor’s view Referral is a sensible course of action. Clearly, more information is required, e.g. date of onset of symptoms and date of return to the UK. It does not sound as if any … Read entire article »
Filed under: Medical Practice
Diarrhea in practice. Case 1
Mrs Robinson asks what you can recommend for diarrhea. Her son David, aged 11 years, has diarrhoea and she is worried that her other two children, Natalie, aged 4 years, and Tom, aged just over 1 year, may also get it. David’s diarrhoea started yesterday; he went to the toilet about five times and was sick once, but has not been sick since. He has griping pains, but is generally well and quite lively. Yesterday he had pie and chips from the local takeaway during his lunch break at school. No one else in the family ate the same food. Mrs Robinson has not given him any medicine, but has some kaolin and morphine mixture at home and wants to know if David could take some, and also if the … Read entire article »
Filed under: Medical Practice
Bisacodyl
Bisacodyl is a diphenylmethane stimulant laxative used for the treatment of constipation and for bowel evacuation before investiga-tional procedures or surgery. Preparations UK: Biolax; Dulcolax; Entrolax US: Alophen; Bisa-Lax; Correctol; Doxidan; Dulcolax; Evac-Q-Tabs; Ex-Lax Ultra; Feen-A-Mint; Fleet Bisacodyl; Fleet Laxative; Gentlax; Modane Drug Approvals (British Approved Name, rINN) International Nonproprietary Names (INNs) in main languages (French, Latin, and Spanish): Bisacodilo; Bisacodylum; Bisakodil; Bisakodilis; Bisakodyl; Bisakodyyli; Biszakodil. BAN: Bisacodyl INN: Bisacodyl [rINN (en)] INN: Bisacodilo [rINN (es)] INN: Bisacodyl [rINN (fr)] INN: Bisacodylum [rINN (la)] INN: Бисакодил [rINN (ru)] Chemical name: 4,4´-(2-Pyridylmethylene)di(phenyl acetate) Molecular formula: C22H19NO4 =361.4 CAS: 603-50-9 (bisacodyl); 1336-29-4 (bisacodyl tannex) ATC code: A06AB02; A06AG02 Read code: y01RZ Pharmacopoeias. In China, Europe, Japan, and US. European Pharmacopoeia, 6th ed. (Bisacodyl). A white or almost white crystalline powder. Practically insoluble in water sparingly soluble in alcohol soluble in acetone. It dissolves in dilute mineral … Read entire article »
Filed under: Best Laxatives
Lactitol
Drug Approvals (British Approved Name, rINN) Synonyms: β-Galactosido-sorbitol; E966; Lactit; Lactitol; Lactitolum; Lactobiosit; Lactositol; Laktitol; Laktitoli; Laktitolis BAN: Lactitol INN: Lactitol [rINN (en)] INN: Lactitol [rINN (es)] INN: Lactitol [rINN (fr)] INN: Lactitolum [rINN (la)] INN: Лактитол [rINN (ru)] Chemical name: 4-O-(β-d-Galactopyranosyl)-d-glucitol Molecular formula: C12H24O11 =344.3 CAS: 585-86-4 ATC code: A06AD12 Read code: y01SH Pharmacopoeias. In USNF. Europe includes the monohydrate. European Pharmacopoeia, 6th ed. (Lactitol Monohydrate). A white or almost white crystalline powder. Very soluble in water slightly soluble in alcohol practically insoluble in dichloromethane. The United States Pharmacopeia 31, 2008, and Supplements 1 and 2 (Lactitol). It may be the anhydrous form, the monohydrate, or the dihydrate. White or light brown, odourless, crystals. It has a mild, sweet taste, and no aftertaste. Profile Lactitol is a disaccharide analogue of lactulose (below) and has similar actions and uses. Lactitol monohydrate is used as an oral … Read entire article »
Filed under: Medications
Docusates
Docusatos Docusate Calcium Drug Approvals US Adopted Name International Nonproprietary Names (INNs) in main languages (French, Latin, and Spanish): Dioctyl Calcium Sulfosuccinate; Dioctyl Calcium Sulphosuccinate; Docusato cálcico Chemical name: Calcium 1,4-bis(2-ethylhexyl) sulphosuccinate Molecular formula: C40H74CaO14S2 = 883.2. CAS — 128-49-4. Pharmacopoeias. In US. The United States Pharmacopeia 31, 2008 (Docusate Calcium). A white amorphous solid with the characteristic odour of octil alcohol. Soluble 1 in 3300 of water very soluble in alcohol, in macrogol 400, and in maize oil. Docusate Potassium Drug Approvals US Adopted Name International Nonproprietary Names (INNs) in main languages (French, Latin, and Spanish): Dioctyl Potassium Sulfosuccinate; Dioctyl Potassium Sulphosuccinate; Docusato potásico. USAN: Docusate Potassium Chemical name: Potassium 1,4-bis(2-ethylhexyl) sulphosuccinate Molecular formula: C20H37KO7S = 460.7. CAS — 7491-09-0. Pharmacopoeias. In US. The United States Pharmacopeia 31, 2008 (Docusate Potassium). A white amorphous solid with a characteristic odour suggestive of octil alcohol. Sparingly soluble in … Read entire article »
Filed under: Medications
The management of constipation
* Constipation can be defined as the passage of hard stools less frequently than the patient’s own normal pattern. Patients should be aware that a daily bowel movement is not always necessary or ‘normal’. * Initial assessment should involve investigation of possible causes of constipation, such as drugs or poor diet. However, it is not always possible to identify an obvious underlying cause. * Colorectal cancer should be suspected in any adult aged over 45 who presents with alarm symptoms or altered bowel habit without an obvious cause. Such patients should be referred for further investigation. * Along with removal of possible causes, dietary advice is the first step in the management of uncomplicated constipation. Laxatives should be reserved for cases where dietary intervention has failed, unless rapid relief of symptoms is required. * … Read entire article »
Filed under: Constipation
Lactulose
Lactulose is a synthetic disaccharide osmotic laxative used in the treatment of constipation and in hepatic encephalopathy. Preparations UK: Duphalac; Lactugal; Lemlax; Regulose US: Cephulac; Cholac; Chronulac; Constilac; Constulose; Duphalac; Enulose; Kristalose Drug Approvals (British Approved Name, US Adopted Name, rINN) Synonyms: Lactulosa; Lactulosum; Laktulóz; Laktuliozė; Laktuloosi; Laktulos; Laktulosa BAN: Lactulose USAN: Lactulose INN: Lactulose [rINN (en)] INN: Lactulosa [rINN (es)] INN: Lactulose [rINN (fr)] INN: Lactulosum [rINN (la)] INN: Лактулоза [rINN (ru)] Chemical name: 4-O-β-d-Galactopyranosyl-d-fructose Molecular formula: C12H22O11 =342.3 CAS: 4618-18-2 ATC code: A06AD11 Pharmacopoeias. In Europe and Japan. China only contains specifications for a solution. US only contains specifications for a solution and a concentrated liquid. European Pharmacopoeia, 6th ed. (Lactulose). A white or almost white, crystalline powder. Freely soluble in water sparingly soluble in methyl alcohol practically insoluble in toluene. European Pharmacopoeia, 6th ed. (Lactulose, Liquid; Lactulose Solution BP 2008). An aqueous solution of lactulose. It … Read entire article »
Filed under: Best Laxatives
Medication info sheet: Laxatives
Laxatives are a group of different drugs, which may be used to treat constipation. Laxatives may be purchased with or without a prescription. Some common laxatives are: Type of Laxative Bowel Generic Name(s) Brand Name(s) Stimulants Bisacodyl Sennosides Dulcolax Senokot Stool Softeners Docusate Mineral Oil Glycerin Suppository Colace, Surfak Agarol, Lansoyl Bulk Forming Agents Psyllium Mucilloid Metamucil, Fibrepur, Prodiem Water Attracting Magnesium Salts Lactulose Milk of Magnesia, Citromag Cephulac, Acilac Enemas Phosphate Enema Fleet Appearance Laxatives are available as tablets, capsules, powders, granules, oral liquid, rectal suppositories and enemas. Your doctor, nurse or pharmacist will recommend the agent(s) and dosage form(s) which may best treat or prevent your constipation. Why these Medications are Used These medications are used to prevent or treat constipation, which may be a result of the drugs you are taking (eg. pain relievers), or after surgery, or prolonged bedrest. How do you take this Medication • It is important to take this type of medicine as instructed. … Read entire article »
Filed under: Medical Practice

